Dale M. Schwartz Elected Chairman of HIASE: Leading the State Efforts to Promote Aerospace Industry

Dale M. Schwartz, a recognized leader in the aerospace industry, has been elected as Chairman of the Hawaii Aerospace Advisory Committee (HIASE). His appointment aims to strengthen the efforts of the state in promoting the development of the aerospace industry, one of the fastest-growing economic sectors in the country.

With over 30 years of experience in the aerospace industry, Schwartz brings unparalleled expertise, knowledge, and leadership skills to his new role. He has proven his capability in driving growth and innovation in the aerospace sector, having held various leadership positions in some of the top aerospace companies in the world.

As Chairman of HIASE, Schwartz will lead the committee in its mission to facilitate, develop, and promote aerospace activities in Hawaii. His appointment marks a significant milestone in the state’s efforts to elevate its position as a premier destination for the aerospace industry, which is projected to generate billions of dollars in revenue and create thousands of jobs in the years to come.

In this article, we will take a closer look at Schwartz’s background, his previous achievements, and his plans for HIASE. We will also discuss the state’s current Aerospace Industry Development Plan and the future prospects of the aerospace industry in Hawaii.

Who is Dale M. Schwartz?

Dale M. Schwartz is an accomplished aerospace executive with an impressive track record of achievements in the industry. He holds a Bachelor of Science in Mechanical Engineering from the University of Pittsburgh and a Master of Science in Engineering Mechanics from the Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University.

Throughout his career, Schwartz has held various key leadership positions in some of the most prominent aerospace companies in the world. From 1985 to 2012, he worked at Sikorsky Aircraft Corporation, a leading helicopter manufacturer that provides support to the military, commercial, and industrial sectors.

At Sikorsky, Schwartz held several senior leadership roles, including Vice President for Research & Engineering, Chief Technology Officer, and Vice President for Commercial Programs. He was also instrumental in the development of numerous helicopter models, including the Black Hawk, Seahawk, and S-76 helicopters.

In 2012, Schwartz joined Honeywell Aerospace, a Fortune 100 company that produces aerospace products and services for both military and civilian clients. He served as Vice President for Defense & Space Programs, overseeing the company’s military helicopter and space programs. He was also responsible for developing advanced technologies and products that enhance the performance and safety of aircraft, vehicles, and systems.

Schwartz has been recognized for his outstanding contributions to the aerospace industry. He is a fellow of the American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics, a member of the National Academy of Engineering, and an inductee of the Connecticut Academy of Science and Engineering.

Previous Achievements and Contributions to the Aerospace Industry

Schwartz’s appointment as Chairman of HIASE comes as no surprise, considering his numerous achievements and contributions to the aerospace industry. Here are some of his notable accomplishments throughout his career:

Black Hawk Helicopter Development

Schwartz played a pivotal role in the development of the Black Hawk helicopter, one of the most widely used helicopters in the military today. He oversaw the design and development of the helicopter’s advanced fly-by-wire system, which enables the aircraft to fly safely and reliably in both normal and adverse conditions.

His contributions to the Black Hawk program earned him the Presidential Commendation for Outstanding Performance in 2003, one of the highest awards given by the U.S. government to civilians.

Advanced Engine Technologies

Schwartz was also instrumental in the development of advanced engine technologies that improve the performance, fuel efficiency, and environmental impact of aircraft engines. He oversaw the development of new materials, designs, and control systems that enhance the power and efficiency of gas turbine engines, reducing fuel consumption and emissions.

His work on engine technologies also led to the development of the Auxiliary Power Unit (APU) for aircraft, which provides the necessary power to start the engines and operates various systems throughout the aircraft.

Commercial Helicopter Programs

Schwartz led the commercial helicopter division at Sikorsky, overseeing the development and production of several models, including the S-76, a popular medium-sized helicopter used in various industries, including offshore oil and gas, emergency medical services, and executive transport.

Under his leadership, the S-76 helicopter was transformed into a state-of-the-art helicopter with improved safety features, increased payload capacity, and advanced avionics systems.

Plans for HIASE and the Future of the Aerospace Industry in Hawaii

As Chairman of HIASE, Schwartz aims to use his expertise and experience to promote the development and growth of the aerospace industry in Hawaii. The state has enormous potential to become a major player in the industry, with its strategic location, favorable weather conditions, and a highly skilled workforce.

Schwartz’s plans for HIASE include the following:

1. Promote Aerospace Education and Workforce Development

Schwartz plans to work closely with various educational institutions in Hawaii to promote aerospace education and workforce development. He believes that the key to attracting aerospace companies to the state is to have a highly skilled workforce that can fulfill the industry’s demands.

He plans to collaborate with Hawaii’s Community Colleges, the University of Hawaii, and private industries to create training programs that equip students with the necessary skills and knowledge to work in the aerospace sector.

2. Attract Aerospace Companies to Hawaii

Schwartz aims to attract aerospace companies to Hawaii by showcasing the state’s unique and advantageous attributes, such as its location, infrastructure, and quality of life. He plans to lead trade missions to key aerospace industry events and develop marketing campaigns to promote Hawaii as an ideal destination for aerospace businesses.

He also plans to work with the state government to create incentives and tax breaks for aerospace companies that want to establish operations in Hawaii.

3. Develop a Sustainable Aerospace Industry in Hawaii

Schwartz recognizes the importance of sustainability in the aerospace industry and aims to promote the development of a sustainable aerospace industry in Hawaii. He plans to work with local communities and stakeholders to minimize the environmental impact of aerospace activities and to promote the use of renewable energy sources in aircraft and spacecraft.

He believes that Hawaii has a unique opportunity to become a leader in the sustainable aerospace industry and plans to use his position to make it happen.

Future Prospects of the Aerospace Industry in Hawaii

The aerospace industry is one of the fastest-growing economic sectors globally, with a projected growth rate of 4% per year over the next decade. The industry is poised to generate billions of dollars in revenue and create thousands of jobs in the years to come.

Hawaii has enormous potential to become a player in the aerospace industry, with its strategic location, favorable weather conditions, and a highly skilled workforce. The state’s Aerospace Industry Development Plan aims to capitalize on these advantages and elevate Hawaii’s position as a premier destination for aerospace businesses.

With Dale M. Schwartz at the helm of HIASE, the state’s efforts to promote the aerospace industry are in good hands. His leadership, experience, and expertise will undoubtedly contribute to the growth and development of the industry in Hawaii and the rest of the country.

Dale Schwartz, of Atlanta, Georgia, was this week elected Chairman of the Board of HIAS, the global Jewish nonprofit that protects refugees. An immigration lawyer, he is the twenty-second community leader elected to chair the agency since its founding in the 1880s. His initial term is for one year. He succeeds Marc Silberberg, of New York City, who served as HIAS Chairman from 2010-2013.

Upon his election, Schwartz had the following to say:

“HIAS is in my blood, part of my DNA. Not just because HIAS brought to America three of my grandparents and helped them establish new lives here. But because of the millions of other people – Jews and non-Jews – whom HIAS has rescued and/or resettled. To be a part of that effort – even in a small way – is both an honor and a precious gift from above.

(More on News at LAWS.com, contact “support@laws.com” for press releases)

“I am grateful to my predecessor, Marc Silberberg who in the last year has led deep, thoughtful, and strategic deliberations between the HIAS board, staff, and other stakeholders. We no longer just resettle refugees in the United States and elsewhere; we now provide direct assistance to refugees in camps and urban areas in remote sites such as Kenya, Uganda, and Latin America, to name but a few. Although we have done this type of work for more than a decade, we have now formally incorporated this significant transformation into HIAS’ mission, implementation, and branding.

“Among my near-term goals are increasing the awareness of our transition to a ‘new HIAS,’ obtaining increased resources and funding for our lifesaving programs in 14 countries on five continents, preserving and indexing the treasure trove of HIAS archives that document our work helping 4.5 million people over more than 130 years, and continuing our role as a leading advocate for the dignity of refugees and immigrants everywhere.”

Dale Schwartz was born in Columbus, Georgia and grew up in the Bronx. His family later moved to Winder, Georgia, where he attended high school.

A member of the bar of the United States Supreme Court and the Supreme Court of Georgia,. Schwartz attended Vanderbilt University and The George Washington University and earned his bachelor’s and law degrees at the University of Georgia, where he was an editor of the Georgia Law Review. Currently a principal of Dale M. Schwartz & Associates, LLP, he also is adjunct professor of immigration law at Emory University School of Law as well as former co-chairman of the Immigration Law Committee of the Section of Litigation of the American Bar Association.

Schwartz is past president of the American Immigration Lawyers Association (1986-87) and serves on a number of national boards of organizations concerned with immigration and refugee matters. He has testified as an expert witness before committees of the U.S. House of Representatives and the U.S. Senate on immigration legislation.

Schwartz, who has been on the board of HIAS since 1981, received the Abe Goldstein Young Leadership Award from the Atlanta Jewish Federation, on whose board he served for a number of years, and for whom he served as Project Renewal co-chairman.  He was president of Jewish Family Services in Atlanta for five years, chairing its Resettlement Committee, and chairman of the Southeastern Region of the Anti-Defamation League, on whose national board he serves on the Executive Committee.  He is a recipient of the American Jewish Congress’ Justice Hugo Black National Award for Social Justice. In addition, Schwartz was lead counsel in the successful effort to obtain a posthumous pardon for Leo M. Frank, the Jewish businessman who was lynched in Georgia in 1915. He also served as an advisor to the making of a miniseries for national television and a docudrama for PBS-TV.

Schwartz is married to Susan Ellis Schwartz; they are the parents of three married daughters (all of whom, he is proud to note, are active in their communities) and have nine grandchildren. Susan and Dale belong to Temple Sinai in Sandy Springs, which they joined shortly after its founding in 1968.

The Hard Facts About US citizenship

A citizenship of the United States of America is esteemed throughout the world, as it comes with several benefits and opportunities. Those who have this coveted status have the right to vote, the right to work and live in the United States indefinitely, and the ability to cross national borders with ease. However, the road to obtaining citizenship is not easy. It requires a significant investment of time, money, and resources. In this article, we’ll delve into the hard facts about US citizenship, including eligibility requirements, the application process, and the benefits and responsibilities that come with citizenship.

Eligibility Requirements for US Citizenship

Eligibility requirements for US citizenship vary depending on the person’s situation. Generally, to become a naturalized citizen of the United States, you must:

– Be at least 18 years old

– Be a lawful permanent resident (someone with a Green Card)

– Reside in the US for at least five years, with at least two and a half years of continuous residence within the US immediately preceding the date of filing your application for naturalization.

– Be able to read, write, and speak English fluently

– Complete a biometric screening (fingerprints, photos, and signature)

– Pass a medical examination

– Pass a civics and history test

– Be of “good moral character”

Some of these requirements have exceptions or variations depending on your individual situation. For example, if you’re married to a US citizen, you can apply for citizenship after only three years of residency in the United States.

The Application Process

The application process to become a naturalized citizen of the United States can be complex, time-consuming, and expensive. You’ll need to fill out several forms and submit them along with supporting documents and fees.

Here are the basic steps you’ll need to follow:

Step 1: Determine Your Eligibility

The first step is to determine your eligibility for naturalization. This will require a review of the eligibility requirements mentioned above.

Step 2: Complete and Submit the Naturalization Application

The next step is to complete and submit the naturalization application (Form N-400), along with supporting documents and fees. The supporting documents may include your Green Card, passport, tax returns, and other documents that prove your eligibility. The fees for the application are currently $725, including a $640 filing fee and an $85 biometric services fee. You may be eligible for a fee waiver if you meet certain income requirements.

Step 3: Get Fingerprinted and Attend an Interview

Once your application is received, you’ll need to complete a biometric screening. The screening includes fingerprinting, a photograph, and a signature. You’ll also need to attend an interview with a USCIS officer. During the interview, you’ll be asked questions about your application and background, including your criminal history.

Step 4: Take the Civics and History Test

As mentioned above, you’ll need to pass a civics and history test as part of the naturalization process. The test is an oral exam and is usually taken during the interview with the USCIS officer. You’ll need to correctly answer six out of ten questions to pass the test.

Step 5: Receive a Decision on Your Application

After you’ve completed the application, went through fingerprinting, attended the interview, and passed the civics and history test, you’ll receive a decision on your application. If your application is approved, you’ll be scheduled for a swearing-in ceremony where you’ll take the Oath of Allegiance and become a naturalized citizen of the United States.

Benefits of US Citizenship

Becoming a naturalized citizen of the United States comes with several benefits, including:

– The right to vote and run for public office
– Eligibility for certain government benefits
– Ability to sponsor family members for immigration
– Right to travel abroad for extended periods without losing your residency status
– Protection from deportation or removal from the US

Responsibilities of US Citizenship

US citizenship also comes with responsibilities. As a citizen of the United States, you’ll be required to:

– Support and defend the US Constitution
– Respect the laws of the United States
– Serve on a jury when called upon
– Pay taxes to support the government
– Register for the Selective Service (if you’re a male between the ages of 18 and 26)

Update on US Citizenship

Recently, the United States Citizenship and Immigration Services (USCIS) said it would no longer re-schedule interviews for applicants who failed to appear as scheduled without good cause, such as a medical emergency.

In a statement issued on 16th August 2021, the USCIS said that the move was part of its efforts to reallocate resources and improve the efficiency of its services. The USCIS also said it would update its policy manual to reflect this change.

The agency said that if an applicant failed to appear for their interview, the USCIS officer would administratively close the case and that the applicant would have to file a new application, along with a new filing fee.

Conclusion

In conclusion, US citizenship is a significant milestone that is worth pursuing, but it requires due diligence and preparation. The eligibility requirements for naturalization, the application process, and the benefits and responsibilities of citizenship outlined in this article should provide you with a clear idea of what it takes to become a naturalized citizen of the United States. It should also be noted that the process may change over time, so it’s worth consulting with reputable sources, such as the USCIS website or a qualified immigration attorney, to ensure that you have the most up-to-date information.

Legal basis for understanding of U.S. citizenship

U.S. citizenship as a status for fully recognized members of the U.S. population is based on the language contained in the U.S. Constitution, the country’s founding political document.

The provisions for U.S. citizenship are specifically contained in the Constitution’s Article I, Section 8, Clause 4, and based on the language of that section of the national founding document have further been effected through the Immigration and Naturalization Act.

Additionally, the judicial processes of the U.S. government has supplemented and altered the processes surrounding U.S. citizenship through the application of the 14th Amendment.

Rights of U.S. citizenship

U.S. citizenship provides certain benefits to individuals who possess this legal status as well as certain responsibilities which they must take into account. Accordingly, people who hold U.S. citizenship are empowered toward participating in national, statewide and local elections, as well as toward potentially entering electoral races for U.S. political office.

Voting rights and the ability to enter into U.S. political office can be limited through the application of various restrictions, such as the ability of state governments to take actions toward restricting the voting rights of felons and the inability of naturalized citizens toward running for President or Vice President.

Duties inherent in U.S. citizenship

U.S. citizens must also consider the obligations to which they will potentially be subject. As such, a U.S. citizen who otherwise meets the legal prerequisites maintained for such purposes may accordingly be impelled to render jury duty. Taxation is also a generally required function for the holders of U.S. citizenship.

Adult males who hold U.S. citizenship will typically be subject to the requirement for registration with the Selective Service System, as allows for the possible conscription of male citizens into the armed services depending on the decisions of the U.S. governments.

Obtaining U.S. citizenship

People who hold the status of U.S. citizenship may either be effectively born into this status or may acquire it at a later date, in such a latter case either potentially through their own volition or through the application of automatically applying U.S. laws. The former concept for attaining U.S. citizenship is referred to as birthright citizenship.

Birthright citizenship

The current body of judicial interpretation within the jurisdiction of the U.S. allows for any child born within the country’s borders to accordingly realize the benefits provided for through birthright U.S. citizenship.

Automatic application of U.S. citizenship to persons born abroad

Children who are born outside of the United States to at least one parent fully recognized as a U.S. citizen and resident of the country for a minimum 5 year period can accordingly attain the benefits of U.S. citizenship after such a person’s 18th birthday.

Naturalization

People can initiate the process of going through naturalization and attaining the status of U.S. citizenship can do so by submitting one of the necessary items of documentation to the administering authority of the U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Services (USCIS). The most relevant items of documentation in this regard is Form N-400.

Arizona is well-known for its immigration laws, with some of the most controversial and widely debated legislation in the United States. Over the years, a lot of people have been misled by stereotypes of what Arizona’s immigration laws entail. This article aims to set things straight by highlighting the most important things to know about Arizona’s immigration laws.

1. Introduction

Arizona’s immigration laws often generate heated debates amongst lawmakers, activists, and ordinary citizens alike. To understand the laws in Arizona, it is important to understand the larger context of federal immigration laws set forth by the United States government. Arizona has built its immigration laws upon these federal laws and adopted additional regulations meant to address specific challenges unique to the state. In this sense, Arizona’s laws are both complementary and supplementary to the federal immigration laws.

2. The Role of Federal Immigration Laws

Before discussing Arizona’s immigration laws, it is essential to understand the role of federal immigration laws. The Immigration and Nationality Act of 1965 is the primary law governing immigration in the United States. The Act sets the framework for legal immigration, including family-sponsored and employment-based visas, green cards, and naturalization. Non-citizens, including migrants, temporary foreign workers, and tourists, are also subject to the federal immigration laws.

In addition to the INA, other federal laws regulate various aspects of immigration, enforcement, and compliance. These include the Illegal Immigration Reform and Immigrant Responsibility Act (IIRIRA) of 1996 and the Secure Fence Act of 2006. The IIRIRA, for instance, provides harsher punishment for undocumented immigrants who attempt to enter the United States and those who commit criminal offenses. The Secure Fence Act directed the construction of a barrier along the U.S.-Mexico border.

3. Arizona’s Immigration Law

Arizona’s immigration law has been a point of controversy since April 2010, when Governor Jan Brewer signed the Support Our Law Enforcement and Safe Neighborhoods Act, also known as SB 1070. The law was aimed at curbing illegal immigration by requiring state and local law enforcement to verify the immigration status of anyone they suspect is illegally present in the United States.

Although federal law enforcement is responsible for enforcing federal immigration laws, the Arizona state law required local police to bring suspected migrants to the attention of immigration authorities. This provision was the most controversial aspect of the law and led to widespread protests. Critics argued it would lead to racial profiling and discrimination against people of Latino and other minority ethnic groups.

In response to legal challenges, the Supreme Court of the United States struck down provisions of the law in 2012, ruling that they conflicted with federal law. However, the court upheld a provision requiring local police to check the immigration status of anyone they suspect is unlawfully present, but in a limited capacity.

4. The Current State of Arizona Immigration Law

Since SB 1070, Arizona has enacted other laws targeting migrants, including the E-Verify law in 2007. The E-Verify law requires employers to verify their workers’ legal status through an electronic database.

In addition to E-Verify, Arizona continues to enforce a 2005 law that penalizes businesses that hire undocumented workers. Under this law, employers who knowingly or intentionally hire undocumented immigrants face the risk of business license suspension or revocation.

Arizona’s most recent legislative measure targeting illegal immigration was Senate Bill 1090 (SB 1090), signed into law by Governor Doug Ducey in 2019. SB 1090 requires the Arizona Department of Corrections and the Arizona Department of Juvenile Corrections to transfer anyone who is in the country illegally into Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE) custody upon release.

At the time of writing, there are currently no new bills currently in the Arizona legislature.

5. Conclusion

Arizona’s immigration laws have been the subject of countless political debates and legal challenges. While the state is known for its strict stance on immigration, most of its initiatives are based on federal laws. The state’s intention is to protect the interests of its citizens, secure the border, and prevent illegal entry into the United States. However, critics argue that such measures violate civil rights and lead to discrimination against minority groups.

It is important to remember that many of the policies implemented in Arizona to regulate immigration are subject to change. As such, it is essential to stay informed and up-to-date on developments concerning immigration in Arizona and across the United States. By doing so, individuals can maintain awareness on these laws, identify areas in which they need to make adjustments, and be prepared to tackle any challenges that arise along the way.

Overall, Arizona’s immigration laws will remain a contentious issue for many years to come, and it is essential for lawmakers and citizens alike to stay informed of the latest developments.

1. What is 2011 Arizona Immigration Law?

The Arizona immigration law SB1070, titled “Support Our Law Enforcement and Safe Neighborhoods Act,” is an act that was approved on Monday, April 19, 2010 by the Arizona Legislature. It was then signed into Arizona law on Friday, April 23, 2101 by Arizona’s Governor Jan Brewer.

The Arizona immigration law SB1070 text includes provisions that add state penalties that are related to enforcing immigration law, such as harboring or transporting illegal immigrants, trespassing, employer sanctions, human smuggling, and alien registration documents.

The trespassing provision of the new Arizona immigration law 2010 is one of the first of this kind of law to be enacted in the U.S. In The newest reports regarding state immigration laws by the National Conference of State legislature has shown that only a few states have ever attempted to set up a state trespassing violation in response to unlawful presence. These previous bills were introduced but did not pass in Arizona in both 2008 and 2009, Colorado in 2008, Texas in 2009, and California in 2007.

On the same day the Governor signed Arizona immigration law SB1070, signed the bill, she also issued Executive Order 2010-09, which required the Arizona Peace Officers Standards & Training Board to set up training to guarantee that law enforcement could apply Governor Brewer in a manner consistent with the federal laws which regulate immigration, while protecting the civil rights of all individuals who respect the privileges of U.S. citizenship.

The executive order for Arizona law SB1070 also required clear guidance on exactly what constitutes as reasonable suspicion. A list was created by the Training Board detailing the specific list of identification that can be used to assume that an individual is not actually an alien who is unlawfully residing in the United States.

2. Reasoning Behind New Arizona Immigration Law 2010

In April 2010, Arizona had approximately 460,000 illegal immigrants within the state, which was a fivefold increase from the amount in 1990. Arizona has the highest illegal crossings between Mexico and United States. By the end of the 1990’s, this area became the location where the most arrests by U.S. Border Patrol occurred.

It is uncertain whether illegal immigrants commit a higher number of crimes. Depending on the academics or authorities involved, many claim the rate is equal, less, or greater in comparison to the overall population. There is also a lot of concern due to the Mexican Drug War, being brought over to the country as well.

Arizona has an extensive history of passing strong restrictions on illegal immigration, such as the legislation in 2007 that created heavy sanctions on employers who hired illegal immigrants. Other measures which were similar to Arizona immigration law SB1070 were passed by the Arizona Legislature in 2006 as well as 2008. However, both were vetoed by Governor Janet Napolitano, a Democrat. Afterwards, she was elevated to the position of Secretary of Homeland Security with the Obama Administration. Jan Brewer, the Republican Secretary of State then took her place as Governor of Arizona.

The social climate for that allowed Arizona immigration law SB1070 to pass was due to the shifting demographics that resulted in a greater Hispanic population, a struggling state economy, increased human and drug smuggling-related crimes in both Arizona and Mexico, as well as the overall economic stress that occurred in the late 2000’s recession. Furthermore, residents of Arizona State were increasingly frustrated by the lack of significant federal progress on the immigration problem.

The major legislative force and sponsor of the Arizona immigration law SB1070 was State Senator Russell Pearce. Senator Pearce had been one of the most vocal opponents of illegal immigration in Arizona. He had successfully passed many pieces of difficult legislation against individuals who he described as “invaders on the American sovereignty”.

While Senator Pearce provided much of the driving force for the bill, most of the drafting of the Arizona immigration law text was completed by Kris Kobach, who was a law professor as well as an important figurehead with the Federation of American Immigration reform. Kobach had written many other immigration-related bills that were introduced in other areas of the United States.

Kobach and Pearce had previously worked on other past legislation dealing with immigration, so the two of them teamed up again for the Arizona immigration law text when Pearce was ready to pursue the plan of having the state properly enforce federal immigration laws. A meeting of the ALEC in December 2009 resulted in the American Legislative Exchange Council drafting some model legislation that closely embodied Pearce’s ideas.

The proposed Arizona immigration bill made it to the Arizona legislature in January 2010 and soon found 36 cosponsors. An early version of the Arizona immigration bill was approved by the Arizona State Senate in February 2010.

The passing of the new Arizona immigration law 2010 somewhat relied on an event on March 27, 2010. On this day Robert Krentz, a 58-year-old man, and his pet dog were killed by gunfire while Robert was doing home improvement work on his ranch which was about 19 miles away from the Mexican border. Krentz’s death created a more tangible public fear about the dangers of illegal immigration and the related criminal activity. While the Arizona police were unable to find any suspects to the murder, they traced footprints leading towards the United States-Mexican border, allowing for greater speculation of the victim being killed by an illegal alien.  This event gave greater support to the new Arizona immigration law 2010.

On April 13, the Arizona immigration law SB1070 text, with many different changes made to it, ended up passing the Arizona House of Representatives on 35 to 21 party-line vote. Six days later, the revised measure passed the Arizona State Senate by a 17 to 11 vote that also followed party lines very closely. Here, only one Republican voted against the bill while only two democrats did not vote at all.

The general procedure of Arizona states that when a bill passes, the governor then has 5 days to make a choice to either sign the bill, let it pass unsigned, or veto the bill. There was a question about whether Governor Jan Brewer would sign the new Arizona immigration law 2010 into law. During proposal and debates about the Arizona immigration law SB1070 text, Governor Brewer had not made any comments on the issue or the consequences of the Arizona immigration bill. Before this bill, she had never placed immigration as the main focus of her career or political views. The only exception was her support for Arizona Proposition 200.

During her term, she supported Arizona Proposition 100, in which doing so, she went against party lines. Because of this and a potentially tough upcoming Republican primary for the Arizona gubernatorial election of 2010 (many of these candidates also supported the new Arizona immigration law 2010), Governor Brewer showed her support for the Arizona immigration bill.

During the development of the Arizona immigration law SB1070 text, Governor Brewer’s staff had carefully looked over the language of the Arizona immigration bill line by line with Senator Pearce. She claimed to have mild concerns about many of the provisions, and these concerns were also felt by other organizations like the Mexican Embassy and the Mexican. However, the citizens of Arizona showed 3 to 1 support of the Arizona immigration law SB1070 text. Polling showed that about 70% of citizens were in favor. However, 53% somewhat felt that the Arizona immigration bill could possibly violate the civil rights of certain American citizens.

Governor Brewer’s stuff ultimately said that the governor was carefully looking at the legal issues involved, the feelings of the decisions, and the impact of the new Arizona immigration law 2010 on the state’s business while making her decision about supporting Arizona immigration law SB1070. Many of Governor Brewer’s political allies pointed out that regardless of her decision, she would face criticism. On April 23, Governor Brewer chose to sign the Arizona immigration law SB1070 text, making it into the new Arizona immigration law 2010.

3. MOST IMPORTANTLY – What Rights Do Citizens Have Under the New Arizona Immigration Law 2010?

The Arizona immigration law SB1070 text does not affect anyone who is a United States Citizen because it targets illegal immigration. Under the law, both local and state governments cannot restrict themselves from enforcing federal immigration laws.

Furthermore, they require law enforcement on both the state and local level to reasonably attempt to determine a person’s immigration status when the individual is being lawfully stopped or is either arrested or placed in detention. This must be done to all individuals who are stopped in order to ensure that the individual has the right to be in the country. Any individual who is arrested must have their status verified with the federal government to ensure citizenship or rightful residency.

However, law enforcement cannot stop a person purely because they suspect the individual is an illegal immigrant. There must be some state or local ordinance or law and there must be reasonable suspicion of the individual breaking the law. More importantly, the Arizona immigration law SB1070 text implies that law enforcement must not consider race, national origin, or color when enforcing these provisions, except in ways that are permitted by the United States Constitution or the Arizona Constitution.

As long as a citizen has their proper identification, they can easily show that they have a right to reside in the country and in the state of Arizona. The Arizona immigration law text specifies an assumption of lawful presence as if the individual has an Arizona identification card or driver license, a tribal enrollment card or identification, or any other valid local, state, or federal identification that is issued by the government, as long as the issuing entity needs proof of legal presence before issuance.

Under the Arizona immigration law text, legal residents also have the right to sue localities or the states when they restrict the proper enforcement of federal immigration laws. Police officers are indemnified against this unless they have acted specifically in bad faith. Any party who violates these federal immigrations must pay a civil penalty that is at least $500 per day that the federal policy is in effect.

4. What Does the Arizona Immigration Bill Do About Arresting Illegal Aliens?

According to the Arizona immigration law SB1070 text, an individual cannot be stopped by law enforcement purely because of suspicions of being an illegal immigrant. An arrest must be due to a legitimate suspicion of breaking a local or state law or ordinance. The Arizona immigration law SB1070 text does allow a law enforcement officer to arrest a person without a warrant if the law enforcement officer has enough probable cause to think that the individual has committed a public offense that would make the person removable from the United States.

Once an arrest is made, the Arizona immigration law text states that a reasonable attempt to determine immigration status must be made during this legitimate contact with a government official or agency of the political subdivision, town, city, or state. This verification is done pursuant to federal immigration laws to ensure that the individual is receiving the rights that he or she may deserve, depending on citizenship.

The Arizona immigration law SB1070 text states that if a law enforcement agency has custody of an alien who is not in the country lawfully, the agency has the authority to transport the alien securely to either a federal facility within the state or use any other means that would transfer the illegal into federal custody that is beyond the jurisdiction of the initial law enforcement agency.  So in the case where the individual who is arrested is an illegal immigrant, the law requires the unlawful aliens to be transferred to the Custody of the U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement or Customs and Border protection if they have been convicted of violating a local or state law. It also states that the individual shall be discharged from the imprisonment or any the fine assessment imposed.

There are also violations for failing to finish a registration for an Alien Registration Document or carrying one, according to the Arizona immigration law SB1070 text. The Arizona immigration bill creates a state violation for these actions that are comparable to federal law found in 8 USC 1304(e).

The Arizona immigration bill also creates state penalties for jail costs and a $100 fine for the first offense. The law suggests that status can be determined by a law enforcement officer who is authorized to verify alien immigration status under the federal government or through other agencies such as the United States Customs and Border Protection or the United States Immigration and Customs Enforcement.

Certain legal citizens can still receive under the punishment under the law for immigration-related offences. The first one is unlawfully picking up passengers to be used for work. Under the Arizona immigration law text, doing so is a class one misdemeanor. More specifically, an individual who is occupying a motor vehicle cannot hire on a roadway, highway, or street if the action impedes or blocks the normal flow of traffic.

The Arizona immigration law text also makes it a class one misdemeanor for the individual to enter the motor vehicle for the purpose of being transported and hired. It is also against the law for an unlawfully residing alien to apply for work, perform work as an employee, or solicit work at a public location as either an independent contractor or an employee.

Another illegal act that a lawful citizen or resident may be guilty of under the new Arizona immigration law 2010 is harboring or transporting unlawful aliens in the State of Arizona. The Arizona immigration law text suggests that it is unlawful for an individual who is violating a criminal offense to conceal, transport, shield, or harbor an alien.

Furthermore, it is illegal to suggest or encourage an unlawful alien to enter the state, particularly in the person who suggests it does it while recklessly disregarding the fact that in person in entering the state unlawfully. A motor vehicle that is used to unlawfully transport the aliens may be impounded or immobilized. The exceptions to these provisions of the Arizona immigration law text are for first responders, emergency medical technicians or ambulances, or child protective services. All other parties that violate these provisions are subject to a fine that is at least $1,000 and can be charged with a class one misdemeanor.

4. Does the Arizona Immigration Bill Contradict the FOURTH Amendment?

The Fourth Amendment of the U.S. Constitution guards citizens against unreasonable searches and seizures. Furthermore, the amendment requires that any warrant must be judicially sanctioned and have probable cause as well. Previous circumstances, such as in the case United States v. Martinez-Fuerte (1976, the United States Supreme Court allowed for immigration checkpoints without discretion.

Technically, the Arizona immigration law is not considered unconstitutional by undermining the Fourth Amendment. The law explicitly states that law enforcement officers cannot stop an individual because of suspicion of unlawful activity, rather than because of national origin, race, or color.

Furthermore, all of the protections found in the Fourth Amendment against profiling continue to apply even when the institution of the Arizona immigration bill. In one aspect, the new Arizona immigration law reduces the chance of race-based harassment by forcing police officers to contact federal agencies as soon as it is reasonable when the law enforcement officer suspects an individual is an illegal alien, rather than allowing an officer to make arrests based on his or her own assessment.

Despite the text of the new law, it is impossible to completely exclude the possibility of an officer racially profiling when using reasonable suspicion. Another major concern is that citizens and legal residents of Arizona will be subject to unlawful harassment based on their race, specifically those of Hispanic or Latino origin.

Updates to the Arizona Immigration Law

The original Arizona immigration law SB1070 text did not specify the fact that prosecutors would not investigate any complaints that were based on race, national origin, or color. This was added a week after the passage of SB1070 as the House bill 2162.

The new bill also pointed out that police could only investigate an individual’s immigration status after a lawful detention, stop, or arrest. Furthermore, the bill lowered the fine from being at least $500 to being up to $100, and adjusted the limits of incarcerations for any first time offenders. This went from six months down to 20 days.

In July of 2010, one of Arizona’s federal judges blocked a controversial part of Arizona’s immigration law from being put into effect until after the end of a lawsuit. The judge felt that the United States more likely to win this case regarding the provision of the law that made it necessary for police officers to check status backgrounds of individuals they felt were in the country unlawfully. The judge decided against blocking portions of the law after determining that the U.S. was not as likely to win the lawsuit regarding those sections of the new law.

This preliminary injunction that prohibited full enforcement of SB1070 was then upheld by the 9^th Circuit in April of 2011. The 9^th Circuit agreed idea held by the lower court that no set of circumstances could make the contested provisions of the bill valid. If you need legal advice and assistance, contact immigration lawyers.